Electromagnet-motor.



No. 673,980. Patented May 14, I90]. 7

L. H. ENGELHARDT.

ELEGTROMAGNET MOTOR.

(Applicnfion filed. June 22, 1900.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

a/Q We Invenhr:

Patented May I4, 1901.

L. ,H. ENGELHABDT. ELECTROMAGNET moms.

(lppljcatio filed June 22, 1900.)

(no Model.)

2 Sheets$heet 2.

rm: norms PEPE" co. mo'mufna. wuul 2o scribed.

UNITED STATES LOUIS H. ENGELHARDT,OF EVERETT,

HALF TO HARRY M. MONELLY, OF OF WATERVILLE, MAINE.

PATENT OFFICE- MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- SAME PLACE, AND MARK GALLERT,

SPEUIFIGATION forming part of Letters Application filed June 22 1900.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOUIS H. ENGELHARDT, of Everett, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and usefulElectromagnetMotor, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,in which- Figure 1 is a diagram of an electromagnet motor embodying one form of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of that form of my inven tion shown in Fig.1, but showing the relation of the parts after a change of polarity takes place in one group of the armaturemagnet, as hereinafter described. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a motor embodying my invention, showing it in form equipped for use. Figs. 4 and 5 are detail views of the armature-magnets and fixed magnets, respectively, hereinafter more fully de- My invention is an electromagnet-motor comprising a number of fixed magnets, an armature made up of a number of magnets separated from and out of contact with the fixed magnets and arranged to traverse the fields of the.latter, and means controlled by the armature for automatically reversing the direction of the current through some of the magnets of the armature independently of the other magnets of the armature as the former pass the fixed magnets and while the other magnets of the armature are between the fixed magnets, so that when the motor is in operation the fixed magnets and some of the armature-magnets are always exerting both their attractive and repelling force to move the armature in the same direction and also so that none of the magnets of the motor are ever acting to oppose-the movement of 4c the armature.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 shows a diagram of one form of my invention wherein the armature is represented as made up of two groups of electromagnets any. and b b and the fixed or stationary magnets as comprising magnets c 0'. One end of the coil a of magnet ais connected by wire a with brush a, and the other end of coil a is connected by wire a with one endof the coil a of magnet a, the

Patent No. 673,980, dated May 14, 1901.

serial No. 21,131. (No model.)

other end of coil 0, being connected by wire o a with brush a One end of the coil 17 of magnet 19 is connected by wire 6 with brush 1), and the other end of coil (9 is connected by wire 19 with one end of coil b the other end of which is connected by wire I) with brush 19 Thus it will be clear that the armature is made up of two groups of elec tromagnets a a and b b and that the magnets of each group are in series, and it will also be clear from Fig. 1 that alternate mag- 66 nets of one group are of opposite polarity to the other magnets of that group and also that alternate magnets of the group of fixed magnets are of oppositepolarity to the other magnets of that group.

In that form of my invention shown in Fig. 3 the magnets c c are fixed-that is, they are fast to a stationary ring B, secured tobase 0 and arranged in a circle around shaft'A-and the magnets of the armature are also ar- 70 ranged in a circle around shaft A, as will be clear from Figs. 4 and 5; but the armaturemagnets are mounted on a head D, fast to shaft A, and rotate on the axis of shaft A. To head D are also fast arms d d, which carry the brushes a a and 17 b so that when head D revolves said brushes move with it and travel around the rings of the commutator E, which are stationarily supported by a bracket e, fast to one of the standards F F. The segments which make up the rings of the commutator E are divided into two groups, one group, composed of segments a '6, being connected with the positive line-wire G by wire 9 and the other group, composed of segments 6 6 connected with the other line-wire G by wire 9, and the segments of the rings are so arranged that those of one group alternate, as it were, with those of the other group, (see Figs. 1 and 2,) so that when the brushes are carried around the rings the direction of the current passing through the coils of magnets a a and b b is reversed. The segments 6 e e e are also arranged relatively to the fixed magnets c 0, so that While one of the magnets of the 5 armature is approaching a fixed magnet the proximate poles of those two magnets are maintained unlike, and they tend to attract one another; but when the armature-magnet has reached the fixed magnet its poles are changed by the commutator E, so that said magnets repel each other, and the poles of the armature-magnet are not again changed untilit reaches the next fixed magnet. it will be clear that so long as an armaturemagnet is between two of the fixed magnets its polarity is opposite to that of the fixed magnet which is in advance of it, and those two magnets attract each other, and that it is of like polarity to the fixed magnet which it has just passed, and that those two magnets repel each other.

It will also be clear from Figs. land 2 that when the magnets of one group of armaturemagnets are in line or in coincidence with the fixed magnets each armature-magnet of the other group is between the fixed magnets, so that although one group of the armaturemagnetsistemporarilyinactive,owing to their position opposite the fixed magnets, the other group of armature-magnets is in service.

It is within the scope of my invention to have the magnets a a and b b stationary and the magnets c c revolve; but I, prefer the form herein shown, which I consider the best.

What I claim as my invention is 1. An electromagnetmotor comprising a number of fixed magnets; an armature made up of a number of magnets separated from and out of contact with the fixed. magnets and arranged to traverse the fields of the latter; and means controlled by the armature for automatically reversing the direction of the current through some of the magnets of' the armature independently of the other magnets of the armature as the former pass the fixed magnets and while the other magnets of the armature are between the fixed magnets.

2. An electromagnet-motor comprising a group of fixed magnets; an armature made up of two groups of magnets separated from and out of contact with the fixed magnets and arranged to traverse the fields of the latter; and means controlled by the armature for automatically reversing the direction of Thus the current through the magnets of one group ofarmature-magnets independently of the magnets of the other group as the former pass a the fixed magnets and while the magnets of the larity; an armature made up of two groups of magnetsseparated from and out of contact with the fixed magnets and arranged to traverse the fields of the latter, and with the alternate magnets of each group of opposite polarity to the other magnets of the group, and also with the magnets of the two groups alternating; and a commutator controlled by the armature for reversing the direction of the current throughthe magnets of one group of armature-magnets independently of the other group as the former pass the fixed magnets and while the magnets of the other group are between the fixed magnets.

at. In an electromagnet-motor, in combination, fixed magnets 'c, c; the two. groups of movable magnets a, a and b, b opposite the fixed magnets; shaftA on whichsaid magnets a, a, and b, b are mounted; and means controlled by shaft A for reversing the direction of the current through one of the groups 01/, a or b, b without reversing the current through the other group, and as the former pass the fixed magnets 0, a, substantially as described.

5. In an electromagnet-motor, in combination, fixed magnetso, c; the two groups of magnets a, a and b, b opposite the fixed magnets; shaft A on which said groups a, a and b, b are mounted; and commutator E, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 16th day of May, A. D. 1900.

LOUIS H. ENGELHARDT; Witnesses:

ARTHUR W. ORossLEY, HARRY MoNELLY. 

